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Protein & Peptide Letters publishes letters, original research papers, mini-reviews and guest edited issues in all important aspects of protein and peptide research, including structural studies, advances in recombinant expression, function, synthesis, enzymology, immunology, molecular modeling, and drug design. Manuscripts must have a significant element of novelty, timeliness and urgency that merit rapid publication. Reports of crystallization and preliminary structure determination of biologically important proteins are considered only if they include significant new approaches or deal with proteins of immediate importance, and preliminary structure determinations of biologically important proteins. Purely theoretical/review papers should provide new insight into the principles of protein/peptide structure and function. Manuscripts describing computational work should include some experimental data to provide confirmation of the results of calculations. Protein & Peptide Letters focuses on: Structure Studies Advances in Recombinant Expression Drug Design Chemical Synthesis Function Pharmacology Enzymology Conformational Analysis Immunology Biotechnology Protein Engineering Protein Folding Sequencing Molecular Recognition Purification and Analysis

Published since 1954, the Canadian Journal of Microbiology is a monthly journal that contains new research in the field of microbiology, including applied microbiology and biotechnology; microbial structure and function; fungi and other eucaryotic protists; infection and immunity; microbial ecology; physiology, metabolism and enzymology; and virology, genetics, and molecular biology. It also publishes review articles and notes on an occasional basis, contributed by recognized scientists worldwide.

Current Protein & Peptide Science publishes full-length/mini review articles on specific aspects involving proteins, peptides, and interactions between the enzymes, the binding interactions of hormones and their receptors; the properties of transcription factors and other molecules that regulate gene expression; the reactions leading to the immune response; the process of signal transduction; the structure and function of proteins involved in the cytoskeleton and molecular motors; the properties of membrane channels and transporters; and the generation and storage of metabolic energy. In addition, reviews of experimental studies of protein folding and design are given special emphasis. Manuscripts submitted to Current Protein and Peptide Science should cover a field by discussing research from the leading laboratories in a field and should pose questions for future studies. Original papers, research articles and letter articles/short communications are not considered for publication in Current Protein & Peptide Science.

The Journal of Biochemistry founded in 1922 publishes the results of original research in the fields of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Cell, and Biotechnology written in English in the form of Regular Papers or Rapid Communications. A Rapid Communication is not a preliminary note, but it is, though brief, a complete and final publication. The materials described in Rapid Communications should not be included in a later paper. The Journal also publishes short reviews (JB Review) and papers solicited by the Editorial Board.

Mutation Research (MR) provides a platform for publishing all aspects of DNA mutations and epimutations, from basic evolutionary aspects to translational applications in genetic and epigenetic diagnostics and therapy. Mutations are defined as all possible alterations in DNA sequence and sequence organization, from point mutations to genome structural variation, chromosomal aberrations and aneuploidy. Epimutations are defined as alterations in the epigenome, i.e., changes in DNA methylation, histone modification and small regulatory RNAs. MR publishes articles in the following areas: Of special interest are basic mechanisms through which DNA damage and mutations impact development and differentiation, stem cell biology and cell fate in general, including various forms of cell death and cellular senescence. The study of genome instability in human molecular epidemiology and in relation to complex phenotypes, such as human disease, is considered a growing area of importance. Mechanisms of (epi)mutation induction, for example, during DNA repair, replication or recombination; novel methods of (epi)mutation detection, with a focus on ultra-high-throughput sequencing. Landscape of somatic mutations and epimutations in cancer and aging. Role of de novo mutations in human disease and aging; mutations in population genomics. Interactions between mutations and epimutations. The role of epimutations in chromatin structure and function. Mitochondrial DNA mutations and their consequences in terms of human disease and aging. Novel ways to generate mutations and epimutations in cell lines and animal models.

Biophysical Chemistry publishes original work and reviews in the areas of chemistry and physics directly impacting biological phenomena. Quantitative analysis of the properties of biological macromolecules, biologically active molecules, macromolecular assemblies and cell components in terms of kinetics, thermodynamics, spatio-temporal organization, NMR and X-ray structural biology, as well as single-molecule detection represent a major focus of the journal. Theoretical and computational treatments of biomacromolecular systems, macromolecular interactions, regulatory control and systems biology are also of interest to the journal.

The Journal of Food Biochemistry publishes fully peer-reviewed original research and review papers on the effects of handling, storage, and processing on the biochemical aspects of food tissues, systems, and bioactive compounds in the diet. Researchers in food science, food technology, biochemistry, and nutrition, particularly based in academia and industry, will find much of great use and interest in the journal. Coverage includes: -Biochemistry of postharvest/postmortem and processing problems -Enzyme chemistry and technology -Membrane biology and chemistry -Cell biology -Biophysics -Genetic expression -Pharmacological properties of food ingredients with an emphasis on the content of bioactive ingredients in foods Examples of topics covered in recently-published papers on two topics of current wide interest, nutraceuticals/functional foods and postharvest/postmortem, include the following: -Bioactive compounds found in foods, such as chocolate and herbs, as they affect serum cholesterol, diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease -The mechanism of the ripening process in fruit -The biogenesis of flavor precursors in meat -How biochemical changes in farm-raised fish are affecting processing and edible quality

Journal of Structural Biology (JSB) has an open access mirror journal, the Journal of Structural Biology: X (JSBX), sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. Since both journals share the same editorial system, you may submit your manuscript via either journal homepage. You will be prompted during submission (and revision) to choose in which to publish your article. The editors and reviewers are not aware of the choice you made until the article has been published online. JSB and JSBX publish papers dealing with the structural analysis of living material at every level of organization by all methods that lead to an understanding of biological function in terms of molecular and supermolecular structure. Techniques covered include: • Light microscopy including confocal microscopy • All types of electron microscopy • X-ray diffraction • Nuclear magnetic resonance • Scanning force microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, and tunneling microscopy • Digital image processing • Computational insights into structure

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology is devoted to the publication of original papers and reviews, both submitted and invited, in two subject areas: I) the application of biochemistry to problems relating to systematic biology of organisms (biochemical systematics); II) the role of biochemistry in interactions between organisms or between an organism and its environment (biochemical ecology). In the Biochemical Systematics subject area, comparative studies of the distribution of (secondary) metabolites within a wider taxon (e.g. genus or family) are welcome. Comparative studies, encompassing multiple accessions of each of the taxa within their distribution are particularly encouraged. Welcome are also studies combining classical chemosystematic studies (such as comparative HPLC-MS or GC-MS investigations) with (macro-) molecular phylogenetic studies. Studies that involve the comparative use of compounds to help differentiate among species such as adulterants or substitutes that illustrate the applied use of chemosystematics are welcome. In contrast, studies solely employing macromolecular phylogenetic techniques (gene sequences, RAPD studies etc.) will be considered out of scope. Discouraged are manuscripts that report known or new compounds from a single source taxon without addressing a systematic hypothesis. Also considered out of scope are studies using outdated and hard to reproduce macromolecular techniques such as RAPDs in combination with standard chemosystematic techniques such as GC-FID and GC-MS.

Published since 1929, Biochemistry and Cell Biology explores every aspect of general biochemistry and includes up-to-date coverage of experimental research into cellular and molecular biology in eukaryotes, as well as review articles on topics of current interest and notes contributed by recognized international experts. Special issues each year are dedicated to expanding new areas of research in biochemistry and cell biology.

BBA Proteins and Proteomics covers protein structure conformation and dynamics; protein folding; protein-ligand interactions; enzyme mechanisms, models and kinetics; protein physical properties and spectroscopy; and proteomics and bioinformatics analyses of protein structure, protein function, or protein regulation.

'Cells Tissues Organs' aims at bridging the gap between cell biology and developmental biology and the emerging fields of regenerative medicine (stem cell biology, tissue engineering, artificial organs, in vitro systems and transplantation biology). CTO offers a rapid and fair peer-review and exquisite reproduction quality. Special topic issues, entire issues of the journal devoted to a single research topic within the range of interests of the journal, are published at irregular intervals.

The scope of the Journal includes: 1. The derivation, genetic modification and characterization of cell lines, genetic and phenotypic regulation, control of cellular metabolism, cell physiology and biochemistry related to cell function, performance and expression of cell products. 2. Cell culture techniques, substrates, environmental requirements and optimization, cloning, hybridization and molecular biology, including genomic and proteomic tools. 3. Cell culture systems, processes, reactors, scale-up, and industrial production. Descriptions of the design or construction of equipment, media or quality control procedures, that are ancillary to cellular research. 4. The application of animal/human cells in research in the field of stem cell research including maintenance of stemness, differentiation, genetics, and senescence, cancer research, research in immunology, as well as applications in tissue engineering and gene therapy. 5. The use of cell cultures as a substrate for bioassays, biomedical applications and in particular as a replacement for animal models.

Extremophiles features original research articles, reviews, and method papers on the biology, molecular biology, structure, function, and applications of microbial life at high or low temperature, pressure, acidity, alkalinity, salinity, or desiccation; or in the presence of organic solvents, heavy metals, normally toxic substances, or radiation.

FLORA publishes original contributions and review articles on plant structure (morphology and anatomy), plant distribution (incl. phylogeography) and plant functional ecology (ecophysiology, population ecology and population genetics, organismic interactions, community ecology, ecosystem ecology). Manuscripts (both original and review articles) on a single topic can be compiled in Special Issues, for which suggestions are welcome. FLORA, the scientific botanical journal with the longest uninterrupted publication sequence (since 1818), considers manuscripts in the above areas which appeal a broad scientific and international readership. Manuscripts focused on floristics and vegetation science will only be considered if they exceed the pure descriptive approach and have relevance for interpreting plant morphology, distribution or ecology. Manuscripts whose content is restricted to purely systematic and nomenclature matters, to geobotanical aspects of only local interest, to pure applications in agri-, horti- or silviculture and pharmacology, and experimental studies dealing exclusively with investigations at the cellular and subcellular level will not be accepted. Manuscripts dealing with comparative and evolutionary aspects of morphology, anatomy and development are welcome.

Founded in 1965, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant is the only journal devoted solely to worldwide coverage of in vitro biology in plants. Its high-caliber original research and reviews make it required reading for anyone who needs comprehensive coverage of the latest developments and state-of-the-art research in plant cell and tissue culture and biotechnology from around the world.

The Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility has as its main aim the publication of original research which bears on either the excitation and contraction of muscle, the analysis of any one of the processes involved therein, the processes underlying contractility and motility of animal and plant cells, the toxicology and pharmacology related to contractility, or the formation, dynamics and turnover of contractile structures in muscle and non-muscle cells. Studies describing the impact of pathogenic mutations in genes encoding components of contractile structures in humans or animals are welcome, provided they offer mechanistic insight into the disease process or the underlying gene function. The policy of the Journal is to encourage any form of novel practical study whatever its specialist interest, as long as it falls within this broad field. Theoretical essays are welcome provided that they are concise and suggest practical ways in which they may be tested. Manuscripts reporting new mutations in known disease genes without validation and mechanistic insight will not be considered. It is the policy of the journal that cells lines, hybridomas and DNA clones should be made available by the developers to any qualified investigator. Submission of a manuscript for publication constitutes an agreement of the authors to abide by this principle.

Molecular Genetics and Genomics (MGG) publishes peer-reviewed articles covering all areas of genetics and genomics. Any approach to the study of genes and genomes is considered, be it experimental, theoretical or synthetic. MGG publishes research on all organisms that is of broad interest to those working in the fields of genetics, genomics, biology, medicine and biotechnology. The journal investigates a broad range of topics, including these from recent issues: mechanisms for extending longevity in a variety of organisms; screening of yeast metal homeostasis genes involved in mitochondrial functions; molecular mapping of cultivar-specific avirulence genes in the rice blast fungus and more.

Yeast publishes original articles and reviews on the most significant developments of research with unicellular fungi, including innovative methods of broad applicability. It is essential reading for those wishing to keep up to date with this rapidly moving field of yeast biology. Topics covered include: biochemistry and molecular biology; biodiversity and taxonomy; biotechnology; cell and developmental biology; ecology and evolution; genetics and genomics; metabolism and physiology; pathobiology; synthetic and systems biology; tools and resources

Biochemistry (Moscow) is the journal that includes research papers in all fields of biochemistry as well as biochemical aspects of molecular biology, bioorganic chemistry, microbiology, immunology, physiology, and biomedical sciences. Coverage also extends to new experimental methods in biochemistry, theoretical contributions of biochemical importance, reviews of contemporary biochemical topics, and mini-reviews (News in Biochemistry).